Until the global minerals sector can rely entirely on alternative energy sources, diesel fuel will remain essential for many miners, especially when other options are inaccessible. One step mining companies can take in the meantime is to eliminate microbial contamination from diesel with biocides.
Biocides not only help maintain equipment but, under the right conditions, can also aid in reducing greenhouse gases (GHGs) and other harmful pollutants.
They are effectively used to control harmful micro-organisms such as bacteria and fungi, playing a crucial role in addressing filter and line blockages. They act as a cleansing lubricant, inhibiting the growth of so-called “bugs” while protecting fuel systems and storage tanks from corrosion and rust.
When added to diesel, biocides enhance fuel economy by improving power and acceleration, reducing emissions – including visible smoke and soot – preventing fuel system wear, and extending the life of pumps and injectors.
As biocides do not contain any metals or metal ions, they are safe for use in all engines and are designed to enhance the physical properties of low-sulphur fuels (below 0.05 per cent).
Their significance in mining is underscored by the supplier market, noting that even minor microbial impurities can lead to severe performance issues and costly repairs.
Recognising the early warning signs of diesel fuel contamination is crucial to avoiding major problems.
In addition to controlling fuel degradation, biocides help unclog filters, reduce injector damage, lower maintenance costs, and protect equipment from issues such as engine failure.
Microbes produce acids that can corrode fuel tanks, lines, and other system components, potentially leading to leaks and motor damage.
When microbes clog fuel injectors, the diesel flow to the cylinders is hindered, resulting in engine misfires, decreased power, and increased emissions.
Ultimately, the problems caused by microbial growth can result in frequent filter replacements, fuel system repairs, and even engine overhauls, significantly increasing operational and maintenance costs for plant and fleet owners.
Water in diesel fuel presents a particularly challenging threat, especially in large bulk storage tanks where free water settles beneath the fuel after phase separation, creating an environment conducive to microbial growth. This interface between fuel and water becomes a perfect breeding ground for various bacteria and fungi, often visible as a rag layer.
In addition to standard diesel fuels, biocides can also be applied to renewable fuels derived from vegetable oils and animal fats.
They can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by as much as 90 per cent and nitrogen oxide discharge by 27 per cent, helping to mitigate Scope 1 and 2 emissions as mining operations – particularly in remote areas where power infrastructure is limited – await alternative power sources.
Biofuels can remove particulate matter by an impressive 84 per cent and are capable of reducing overall GHGs by up to 75 per cent since they utilise carbon originally produced by plants.
Furthermore, biodiesels have a higher flashpoint than conventional diesel, making them less likely to ignite and providing significant safety benefits, especially in underground projects.
Despite their proven effectiveness in addressing operational issues, biocides are considered a complementary technology in the overall management of microbial contamination.
This is because frequent use may lead to surviving microorganisms developing resistance to the chemical products.
Therefore, investing in routine fuel quality testing and incorporating fuel filtration into maintenance plans will prevent unplanned downtime, frequent maintenance, and costly equipment repairs.
